Applications

High Speed Tuning Vector Receiver Load Pull Measurements Large Signal Analysis, Nonlinear VNA Measurements and Behavioral Model Extraction Linear and Nonlinear Compact Modeling Noise Figure / Noise Parameter Measurements Active Load Pull and Hybrid-Active Load Pull Measurements Active Wideband-Impedance Load Pull Measurements for 4G, 5G and WLAN Signals mmW and Sub-THz 50Ω Gain Compression and Active Load Pull Measurements Mobile Phone Testing Under Real-World Conditions Amplifier Stability and Ruggedness Testing On-Wafer Production Testing Stability Analysis of Microwave Circuits

Products

IVCAD Advanced Measurement and Modeling Software (MT930 series) ATS Automated Tuner Software (MT993 series) IQSTAR Circuit Measurement and Analysis Software (IQS series) MMW-STUDIO mmW and Sub-THz Characterization Software (MT920 series) AMTS Automated Mobile Test Software (MT910 series) Mixed-Signal Active Load Pull System (MT1000 and MT2000 series) MTUNE Tuner Characterization and Control Software Automated Tuners / Impedance Tuners / Load Pull Tuners Manual Tuners / Impedance Tuners Pulsed IV Systems (AM3200-series) Pulsed SMU Systems (AM3100-series) Noise Receiver Modules (MT7553 series) Transistor Test Fixtures (MT964 series) Low Loss Couplers (LLC series) Precision Low-Loss Multiplexers (DP/TP series) High-Power Low-Loss Pulsed Bias Tees (MBT series) High-Resolution Current Probes (AVCP series) Harmonic Phase References (HPR series)

Products

Insight Calibration & Measurement Software VNA Calibration Kits Verification Kits Coaxial Calibration Standards Waveguide Calibration Standards Metrology Torque Wrenches Connector Gage Kits Noise Calibration Systems and Accessories Stub Tuners

Services

VNA Cal Kit Verification and Calibration Torque Wrench Calibration Warranty & Service

Products

Adapters
Calibration-Grade (Metrology) Adapters
ColorConnect™ Precision Adapters
Test Essentials™ Lab Adapters
Quick Test Push-On Adapters
Cable Assemblies
StabilityVNA™ Test Port Cable Assemblies
StabilityPlus™ Cable Assemblies
StabilityPlus™ Low Profile Cable Assemblies
StabilityFlex™ Cable Assemblies
StabilityWafer™ Cable Assemblies
StabilityTVAC™ Cable Assemblies
Attenuators TW-series Torque Wrenches Connector Gage Kits

Services

System Integration Services Measurement Services System-Level Verification Devices and Device Characterization Services Rental, Lease, Finance Services VNA Cal Kit Calibration Torque Wrench Calibration Warranty Service

Resources

Application Notes Library Videos
Products and Solutions Overview
Software Overview
Best Practices and Tips-and-Tricks
Seminars and Webinars
Files
Software Download Site
VNA Cal Kit Files

Vector-Receiver Load Pull Measurements

Measurement Overview

Vector-receiver load pull is a modern and efficient methodology for load pull measurements. Low-loss couplers are placed between the tuners and device-under-test and are connected to a vector receiver such as a VNA. Doing so allows the a- and b-waves to be measured at the DUT reference plane in real-time, presenting vector information not normally made available. Vector-receiver load pull allows the direct measurement of actual impedances presented to the DUT without any assumptions of pre-characterized tuner positioning or losses. The delivered input power is derived from the a- and b-waves with incredible accuracy, which results in properly- defined power added efficiency. Output powers at each frequency, fundamental and multiple harmonics, are made available, as are multi-tone carrier and intermodulation powers. Time-domain NVNA measurements are easily implemented using appropriate hardware.

Vector-receiver load pull

Source Pull Converter

Because the a- and b-waves of the DUT are measured at the DUT reference plane, it is possible to measure the large signal input impedance of the device. With this information and through a patented technique, it is possible to simulate the effect of matching the source of the device without having ever varied the source impedance. This "virtual source matching" is highly reliable at even extremely mismatched conditions, and allows for simulated source contours to be drawn. Trade-offs between maximum gain, efficiency and other parameters can be viewed in real-time without multiple source pull load pull iterations.

Source Pull Converter

Tour IVCAD Software Suite

IVCAD advanced measurement and modeling software, offered by Maury Microwave and AMCAD Engineering supports multiple load pull techniques including traditional load pull using external instrumentation, VNA-based load pull, active load pull and hybrid load pull. It performs DC-IV and pulsed-IV measurements and incorporates device modeling tools. Its modern visualization capabilities give users a greater ability to view, plot and graph measurement data in an intuitive manner.

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Application Notes and Data Sheets

4T-022

MT930 Series IVCAD Advanced Measurement and Modeling Software MT930 Series IVCAD Advanced Measurement and Modeling Software

5A-051

Vector-Receiver Load Pull Measurement Vector-Receiver Load Pull Measurement

5A-057

Magic Source Pull (aka Source Pull Converter, Virtual Source Pull) Magic Source Pull (aka Source Pull Converter, Virtual Source Pull)

5A-060

Understanding the Relevance of Harmonic Impedance Matching in Amplifier Design Understanding the Relevance of Harmonic Impedance Matching in Amplifier Design

5A-068

Integrated, Turnkey Modeling & Measurement Systems Integrated, Turnkey Modeling & Measurement Systems

Hybrid Load Pull

Agilent/Maury/AMCAD Webinar on Active and Hybrid-Active Load Pull Using the PNA-X Hybrid Load Pull

Maury Application Notes Library

Maury Software and System Application Notes. Maury Application Notes Library